Rational nutrition: biochemistry of macronutrients and calculation of proportions


The body functions as a complex chemical reactor that requires precise fuel dosages. An excess or lack of specific elements leads to system failures.
The nutritional value of foods is measured not only in calories, but also in the quality of assimilation. Empty carbohydrates burn out quickly, leaving you feeling hungry and depleting your pancreas.
Energy balance: the mathematics of incoming elements
The basic metabolism takes about 70% of the energy received. These calories are used to maintain body temperature, respiration, and the functioning of internal organs.
The formation of a proper diet is based on a balance of three components:
- Building protein. Amino acids repair muscle fibers and are involved in hormone synthesis. Deficiency leads to loss of muscle mass.
- Healthy fats. Lipids protect the nervous system and ensure the absorption of vitamins. The complete rejection of fats destroys the endocrine system.
- Complex carbohydrates. Fiber provides long-lasting energy and regulates blood sugar levels. Cereals and vegetables eliminate sudden insulin spikes.
The exact ratio of macronutrients is selected individually, depending on physical activity.
Intestinal microflora: symbiosis of bacteria and food quality
The bacteria of the digestive tract directly affect the immune system and mood. They feed on plant fibers, synthesizing beneficial acids.
The abundance of sugar and refined foods suppresses beneficial microflora. Pathogenic strains that cause inflammation multiply in the vacant place.
Fermented foods maintain the balance of the microbiome. Sauerkraut or kefir provides ready-made colonies of bacteria to improve digestion.
Consumption regime: the effect of circadian rhythms on assimilation
The timing of meals affects the production of digestive enzymes. In the morning, the body processes carbohydrates more actively, and in the evening it slows down the metabolism.
A heavy dinner overloads the stomach before going to bed. The energy that should be used to repair tissues is spent on the difficult process of digestion.
The drinking regime maintains blood viscosity and removes cell breakdown products. Lack of water slows down lipolysis and causes a false feeling of hunger.
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